![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The process usually involves turning a readable (i.e. ConfidentialityĬonfidentiality is privacy - that is, it protects information from being read by an unauthorized third party. Let’s look a little more closely at them. Some certificates even check the legal identity behind that website, so that you know is YourBank, Inc.Ĭonfidentiality, integrity and authentication aren’t HTTPS-specific: They’re the core concepts of cryptography. HTTPS ensures that a website that says it’s is actually. For example, that same person running the Wi-Fi access point could send browsers to a fake website. This ensures that the website is actually what it claims to be. HTTPS ensures that the website can’t be modified. For example, our Wi-Fi friend could add extra advertisements to our website, reduce the quality of our images to save bandwidth or change the content of articles we read. This makes sure information reaches its destined party in full and unaltered. For example, without HTTPS, someone running a Wi-Fi access point could see private information such as credit cards when someone using the access point purchases something online. This protects the communication between two parties from others within a public medium such as the Internet. Why bother with HTTPS in the first place? It is used for three main reasons: In HTTP version 1.1, the secure connection is optional (you may have HTTP and/or HTTPS independent of each other), while in HTTP/2 it is practically mandatory - even though the standard defines HTTP/2 with or without TLS, most browser vendors have stated that they will only implement support for HTTP/2 over TLS. The next upgrade of the HTTP protocol - HTTP/2 - which is being adopted by a growing number of websites, adds new features (compression, multiplexing, prioritization) in order to reduce latency and increase performance and security. Previously, HTTP was used for non-sensitive traffic (for example, reading the news), and HTTPS was used for sensitive traffic (for example, authentication and e-commerce) however, increased focus on privacy means that web browsers such as Google Chrome now mark HTTP websites as “not private” and will introduce warnings for HTTP in future. So, sometime around 19, we got the current stable version of the Internet (HTTP 1.1, with or without SSL and TLS), which still powers the majority of websites today. At the time of writing, all versions of SSL (1.0, 2.0, 3.0) are deprecated due to various security problems and will produce warnings in current browsers, and the TLS versions (1.0, 1.1, 1.2) are in use, with 1.3 currently a draft. SSL was a Netscape-developed protocol, while TLS is an IETF standard. ![]() The terms SSL and TLS are often used interchangeably, with SSL 3.0 being replaced by TLS 1.0. The encrypted channel is created using the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol, previously called Secure Socket Layer (SSL). This is a security concern, so HTTP Secure (HTTPS) was introduced, allowing the client and the server to first establish an encrypted communication channel, and then pass the clear text HTTP messages through it, effectively protecting them from eavesdropping. The protocol transfers information between the browser and the server in clear text, allowing the network, through which the information passes, to see the information transmitted. The first official version of the protocol (HTTP 1.0) was released in 1996, shortly followed by the currently widely adopted version (HTTP 1.1) in 1997. Work on the protocol, as well as on the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), started in 1989 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and his team at CERN. It covers things such as requests and responses, sessions, caching, authentication and more. The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the basic communication protocol that both clients and servers must implement in order to be able to communicate. These are often mixed up by people who are not familiar with the internals. TLS: What’s What?Ī lot of acronyms are used to describe the processes of communication between a client and a server. ![]()
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